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Evaluation of detection and preservation of carotenoid biomarkers in Martian analogues using portable Raman spectrometer
Novotný, Radek ; Culka, Adam (advisor) ; Němec, Ivan (referee)
Recent missions of the space agencies NASA, ESA and Roskosmos have focused on searching for traces of life, among other things. They use a range of analytical instruments such as Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and GS-MS chromatography. They are looking for biological indicators (biomarkers) that could indicate the past but also the present activity of living organisms. In this thesis, it was proposed to observe changes in the concentration of a biomarker (the pigment betacarotene) in a substrate consisting of a mixture of sulphates. The conditions would be as close as possible to those on Mars. On the surface of this planet, due to the thinner atmosphere and the lack of an ozone layer, the UV component of UVC radiation, which has degradative effects on organic material, is much more strongly applied. Furthermore, perchlorate, a strong oxidising agent also found in Martian soil (regolith), was present in this substrate. Based on these parameters, samples were prepared that had an arrangement in three layers, two of which contained the biomarker beta-carotene and perchlorate. In order to better compare the changes during the experiment, two pigment concentrations of 10 ppm and 100 ppm were chosen. The samples thus prepared were irradiated in four-day and eight-day stages by a light source...
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Use of handheld Raman spectrometers for identification of secondary minerals in situ
Kdýr, Šimon ; Jehlička, Jan (advisor) ; Culka, Adam (referee)
Summary: The sulfates are secondary minerals, that are occurring in the different terrestrial conditions. Their study is useful for understanding of the processes, that are leading to occurence the acid mine drainage. Next sphere of research is out of our globe (it means Mars). The Raman spectroscopy is nondestructive analytical method, that it is advantage of this method. It has occured great development on the field of miniaturisation in a few last years. It is opportunity for aplication out of laboratory and it is possible to make a study in field conditions. At the introduction, this work is occupied with instrumentations, advantages and disadvantages of the use mobile Raman spectrometers. You find there summarises publications, that are occupied with mineralogy, origin of sulfates and opportunities of application mobile Raman spectrometers for their study. At the end of the recherche, it shows some particular localities, where it could be applicable for study sulfates by Raman spectroscopy and where mobile Raman spectrometers were used for identification of sulfate minerals.
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Use of handheld Raman spectrometers for identification of secondary minerals in situ
Kdýr, Šimon ; Jehlička, Jan (advisor) ; Culka, Adam (referee)
Summary: The sulfates are secondary minerals, that are occurring in the different terrestrial conditions. Their study is useful for understanding of the processes, that are leading to occurence the acid mine drainage. Next sphere of research is out of our globe (it means Mars). The Raman spectroscopy is nondestructive analytical method, that it is advantage of this method. It has occured great development on the field of miniaturisation in a few last years. It is opportunity for aplication out of laboratory and it is possible to make a study in field conditions. At the introduction, this work is occupied with instrumentations, advantages and disadvantages of the use mobile Raman spectrometers. You find there summarises publications, that are occupied with mineralogy, origin of sulfates and opportunities of application mobile Raman spectrometers for their study. At the end of the recherche, it shows some particular localities, where it could be applicable for study sulfates by Raman spectroscopy and where mobile Raman spectrometers were used for identification of sulfate minerals.
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